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Bobster .
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 Posted: Sun Nov 23, 2003 6:13 am Post subject: Russia, too, is moving into the hydrogen age |
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ENERGY TECH
Hydrogen Program Starts In Russia
an example of small scale hydrogen-based fuel cell
Moscow - Nov 18, 2003
On November 10, 2003 the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Science
(RAS) signed the agreement on cooperation between the RAS and "Norilsk
Nickel" mining and metallurgical company. Under the agreement, the
scientists will get a US$20-40 million per year funding on hydrogen
power engineering researches.
The agreement between researchers and businessmen on cooperation in the
field of hydrogen power engineering and fuel cells is the first
precedent in Russia when large-scale Russian companies wish to give
financial support for scientific research.
"I would not hesitate to say that the future of the country itself
depends on the way our intellectual potential is used," says Yuri
Osipov, President of RAS. "We welcome in every possible way the efforts
of large businesses to cooperate with science. We have at least eight
large organizations actively cooperating with "Norilsk Nickel," says
academician Gennady Mesyats, who will guide the academic hydrogen power
engineering program. "Our program plans to combine the effort of
approximately two dozens of institutes and to get a merchantable product
in three to five years."
"Russia has two advantages over all other countries of the world in the
field of hydrogen power engineering -- fundamental science and our
company that produces more than half of the world volume of palladium,"
said at the signing ceremony Mikhail Prohkorov, General Director of
"Norilsk Nickel" company. "We hope with the help of the Russian Academy
of Science to demonstrate, that palladium is the base of hydrogen
technology. Palladium is crucial for the development of effective
catalysts and for production and storage of pure hydrogen."
According to the program scientists of the Russian Academy of Science
will create fuel cells on polymeric and oxide electrolytes for various
applications and fuel processors for converting hydrocarbonate fuels
into hydrogen. Another goal of the program -- the hydrogen
infrastructure: the equipment for hydrogen production, storage and
transportation.
The fuel cell is a device where the fuel energy is directly converted
into electric current without using various turbines. That allows
significantly increase the coefficient of efficiency, by several times.
The hydrogen cell is considered to be the most promising device, since
electric current is generated as a result of the reaction of water
molecule formation from the hydrogen and oxygen.
The high price for the fuel cell>s is the first problem for the
inventors of hydrogen power engineering. Currently, the solid-state
polymeric electrolyte or proton membrane is considered the most
promising material. This material is very expensive. Generally, one
kilowatt of the battery capacity costs about US$ 5,000. The fuel cell
could compete with other energy sources when the price is a hundred or
two hundred dollars per kilowatt.
Russia has inherited the liquid alcaline electrolyte fuel cells from the
Soviet "Buran" space shuttle. Later, such kind of a battery served the
power source for the "Niva" hydrogen automobile demonstrated at the 2001
Moscow Auto Show.
However, the Russian researchers works with other electrolytes,
particularly with the solid-state oxide electrolytes. "In our program,
we shall further develop all the work we have started, including
alcaline, polymeric and oxide electrolytes," says Gennady Mesyats. "Some
institutes will be engaged in creation of small batteries for office
equipment, others will be involved in the design on higher capacity
systems."
The second problem is the fuel and its handling. One of the major
obstacles to hydrogen power engineering is the absence of infrastructure
for hydrogen production and delivery to the consumer. Therefore, at the
initial stage, the developers of the hydrogen automobile or hydrogen
power engineering are planning to utilize current fuel infrastructure --
gas pipelines or petrol filling stations. In this case a fuel processor
is to be installed next to the fuel cell. The processor turns gasoline,
ethanol, methanol, natural gas or any other fuel into hydrogen. The cost
of the processor makes about one third in the price of the power plant
based on fuel cell.
The energetic system on the hydrogen fuel cells is considered
pollution-free due to the fact that it produces only water or water and
carbon dioxide. In addition, it does not produce noise as the only
rotating device of the processor is a fan, which drives the gases along
its tubes. If such a processor is available, any fuel will suit hydrogen
power engineering. It is assumed that petrol will be used for
automobiles, and methanol or ethanol will quite fit for small home
applications. Large-scale energy plants will run on natural gas.
http://www.spacedaily.com/news/energy-tech-03zt.htm
Bobster |
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Tequila
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| Posted: Sun Nov 23, 2003 2:40 pm Post subject: Re: Russia, too, is moving into the hydrogen age |
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IMO, the first thing Russia needs to do is:
stop offering gasoline for sale at give-away prices.
Gasoline in Russia sells for less than 80 cents a gallon,
80 being the worldwide wholesale price.
Tequila
"Bobster ." wrote:
[quote]ENERGY TECH
Hydrogen Program Starts In Russia
an example of small scale hydrogen-based fuel cell
Moscow - Nov 18, 2003
On November 10, 2003 the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Science
(RAS) signed the agreement on cooperation between the RAS and "Norilsk
Nickel" mining and metallurgical company. Under the agreement, the
scientists will get a US$20-40 million per year funding on hydrogen
power engineering researches.
The agreement between researchers and businessmen on cooperation in the
field of hydrogen power engineering and fuel cells is the first
precedent in Russia when large-scale Russian companies wish to give
financial support for scientific research.
"I would not hesitate to say that the future of the country itself
depends on the way our intellectual potential is used," says Yuri
Osipov, President of RAS. "We welcome in every possible way the efforts
of large businesses to cooperate with science. We have at least eight
large organizations actively cooperating with "Norilsk Nickel," says
academician Gennady Mesyats, who will guide the academic hydrogen power
engineering program. "Our program plans to combine the effort of
approximately two dozens of institutes and to get a merchantable product
in three to five years."
"Russia has two advantages over all other countries of the world in the
field of hydrogen power engineering -- fundamental science and our
company that produces more than half of the world volume of palladium,"
said at the signing ceremony Mikhail Prohkorov, General Director of
"Norilsk Nickel" company. "We hope with the help of the Russian Academy
of Science to demonstrate, that palladium is the base of hydrogen
technology. Palladium is crucial for the development of effective
catalysts and for production and storage of pure hydrogen."
According to the program scientists of the Russian Academy of Science
will create fuel cells on polymeric and oxide electrolytes for various
applications and fuel processors for converting hydrocarbonate fuels
into hydrogen. Another goal of the program -- the hydrogen
infrastructure: the equipment for hydrogen production, storage and
transportation.
The fuel cell is a device where the fuel energy is directly converted
into electric current without using various turbines. That allows
significantly increase the coefficient of efficiency, by several times.
The hydrogen cell is considered to be the most promising device, since
electric current is generated as a result of the reaction of water
molecule formation from the hydrogen and oxygen.
The high price for the fuel cell>s is the first problem for the
inventors of hydrogen power engineering. Currently, the solid-state
polymeric electrolyte or proton membrane is considered the most
promising material. This material is very expensive. Generally, one
kilowatt of the battery capacity costs about US$ 5,000. The fuel cell
could compete with other energy sources when the price is a hundred or
two hundred dollars per kilowatt.
Russia has inherited the liquid alcaline electrolyte fuel cells from the
Soviet "Buran" space shuttle. Later, such kind of a battery served the
power source for the "Niva" hydrogen automobile demonstrated at the 2001
Moscow Auto Show.
However, the Russian researchers works with other electrolytes,
particularly with the solid-state oxide electrolytes. "In our program,
we shall further develop all the work we have started, including
alcaline, polymeric and oxide electrolytes," says Gennady Mesyats. "Some
institutes will be engaged in creation of small batteries for office
equipment, others will be involved in the design on higher capacity
systems."
The second problem is the fuel and its handling. One of the major
obstacles to hydrogen power engineering is the absence of infrastructure
for hydrogen production and delivery to the consumer. Therefore, at the
initial stage, the developers of the hydrogen automobile or hydrogen
power engineering are planning to utilize current fuel infrastructure --
gas pipelines or petrol filling stations. In this case a fuel processor
is to be installed next to the fuel cell. The processor turns gasoline,
ethanol, methanol, natural gas or any other fuel into hydrogen. The cost
of the processor makes about one third in the price of the power plant
based on fuel cell.
The energetic system on the hydrogen fuel cells is considered
pollution-free due to the fact that it produces only water or water and
carbon dioxide. In addition, it does not produce noise as the only
rotating device of the processor is a fan, which drives the gases along
its tubes. If such a processor is available, any fuel will suit hydrogen
power engineering. It is assumed that petrol will be used for
automobiles, and methanol or ethanol will quite fit for small home
applications. Large-scale energy plants will run on natural gas.
http://www.spacedaily.com/news/energy-tech-03zt.htm
Bobster[/quote] |
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saict
Guest
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| Posted: Wed Nov 26, 2003 12:07 am Post subject: Re: Russia, too, is moving into the hydrogen age |
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Tequila <Tequila@nowhere.com> wrote:
[quote]IMO, the first thing Russia needs to do is:
stop offering gasoline for sale at give-away prices.
Gasoline in Russia sells for less than 80 cents a gallon,
80 being the worldwide wholesale price.
[/quote]
I can>t see you smile over the Internet. Do you mean gasoline is
available to the general public in Russia for these prices, or only
for some privileged few? Do you have a link? Why should they stop?
They have their own supply, and it>s a good way to build up a country
(assuming what you say is true.) |
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Kimmo Klemola
Guest
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| Posted: Wed Nov 26, 2003 12:33 pm Post subject: Re: Russia, too, is moving into the hydrogen age |
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saict wrote:
[quote]Tequila <Tequila@nowhere.com> wrote:
IMO, the first thing Russia needs to do is:
stop offering gasoline for sale at give-away prices.
Gasoline in Russia sells for less than 80 cents a gallon,
80 being the worldwide wholesale price.
I can>t see you smile over the Internet. Do you mean gasoline is
available to the general public in Russia for these prices, or only
for some privileged few? Do you have a link? Why should they stop?
They have their own supply, and it>s a good way to build up a country
(assuming what you say is true.)
[/quote]
I live close to Russian border (25 miles). We pay 4.5 dollars for a
gallon and on the other side of the border they pay about 2 dollars a
gallon. That is for the premium. They have also 78 octane and the price
for that must be very low. However, I do not know what is the gasoline
price all over Russia.
Kimmo |
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Tequila
Guest
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| Posted: Thu Nov 27, 2003 6:35 pm Post subject: Re: Russia, too, is moving into the hydrogen age |
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For starters , checkout this link...
http://www.nationmaster.com/graph-T/ene_gas_pri&int=-1
note the US at position 101, Russia at position 123.
Note, does anyone remember a CS Monitor story
about petrol prices in Russia?
........................................
[quote]Why should they stop?
These people (Russians) can do whatever they want.[/quote]
However, I request that, those people, who think that the
US motorist is undertaxed... they should look elsewhere for
oportunities to increase gas prices...... These same people often
have irrational ideas about hydrogen.
Tequila
saict wrote:
[quote]Tequila <Tequila@nowhere.com> wrote:
IMO, the first thing Russia needs to do is:
stop offering gasoline for sale at give-away prices.
Gasoline in Russia sells for less than 80 cents a gallon,
80 being the worldwide wholesale price.
I can>t see you smile over the Internet. Do you mean gasoline is
available to the general public in Russia for these prices, or only
for some privileged few? Do you have a link? Why should they stop?
They have their own supply, and it>s a good way to build up a country
(assuming what you say is true.)[/quote] |
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