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Charles
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 Posted: Thu Jul 10, 2008 4:59 am Post subject: Re: amplifiers |
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"Gerard Bok" <bok118@zonnet.nl> wrote in message
news:48652a84.928354@News.Individual.NET...
Hysterisis is an option. |
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Lewzeelastik
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| Posted: Sun Jul 13, 2008 10:59 am Post subject: Re: Thumbdrives - what>s a good brand? |
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"Sheik Yerbhouti" <sy@lios.apana.org.au> wrote in message
news:g4nhlh$2j3$7@yoda.apana.org.au...
[quote]Snapper <snapper1@y7mail.com.invalid> writes:
I have had my second thumbdrive fail. It>s a 1 gig Imation. It started
with
files in folders becoming corrupted. ie. one folder had a lot of stuff in
it and
these weird files appearing. and Explorer cannot delete them either.
So I formatted the drive and copied the data back onto it from backups.
Then
other problems appeared, all file related.
So I must assume that the unit>s stuffed.
The likes of Harvey Norman have barrells of thumbdrives of various sizes
and
brands in the bargain bins as you walk in the door. Just wondering if any
brands
stick out whether for good reasons or for bad.
Stick with SanDisk. I use an 8 GB one without a problem. The shit ones
break, had very bad device driver support, and will make Windows crash and
burn without warning.
[/quote]
I>ve changed to finger drives - digital of course.
Never have a problem, especially if you keep the nails trimmed. Work best
when warm, so I keep them in a thumbless glove. |
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Klaus
Guest
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| Posted: Tue Jul 15, 2008 9:50 am Post subject: Re: Rauski ja NEO Re: Suomalaista sosialismia |
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Simble the best:
TVO/Rauma/Eurajoki/UPM-kymmene ottavat kaikkim keskeisemmät juoma-, käyttö-,
ja prosessivetensä siis systeemistä johon kuuluu pitkälti n. 1220km2
kokoinen Eurajoki ja 400km2 kokoinen Lapijoki. Systeemin koko tuotto jaetaan
noin kolmeen yhtä suureen kulutusyksikköönsä. Kyseessä on siis Rauman 25 000
henkilöä, Eurajoen 6 000henkee ja UPM-kymmenen paperintuotannot ja toki myös
KAIKKIEN TVO:n ydinvoimaloiden massiiviset prosessivesikulutukset ja muut.
Tiedoksi vaan niille, jotka haluavat esim. poistattaa Lapijoen
patosysteemeistä "jotain", koko vesiekon kapasiteetti oli aikoinaan vuosia
hajalla kun tuo Lapijoen pato oli paskana. UPM-kymmene, saati Rauman
kauppunki eivät kyenneet systeemiä stabiloimaan, vaan padon takuinen
massiivinen vesiallas kuivui kesäisin säännöstelemättöminä, ja likastui
suurtulviinsa muina aikoina. Veden pinta liikui siis Lapijoessa +2,5m
tulvasta -2,5m kuivumisiin. Tämä tilanne tarkoitti sitä, että
vesivarannmoista vajaa neljännes menetettiin padon toimimattomuuksiin
vuosikausiksi ilman nähtävää ratkaisua.
Kun Lapin patoon saatiin nykyinen hallittu koneellinen patokoneisto alueen
altaan pintavaihtelu kutistui kymmensenttiluokkiinsa. UPM-kymmene totesikin
pian ilokseen, että aiempana hätäratkaisunaan käyttämät yläjärvien kalliit
moninaiset säännöstelyt voitiin poistaa, koska joen vesistabiliteetti parani
niin merkittävästi toimistamme. Nyt tilanne on tosiaan se, että
alapuolivesiemme stabiliteetti auttaa kaikkia osapuolia niin massiivisesti,
ettei vesi ole ollut IKINÄ näin turvattua rajallisista reserveistään
huolimatta. Eli tosiaan tämä vaan tiedoksi niille, joista padot on pahasta.
Patojen suurin arvo on nimenomaan oleminen elämää tärkeimpänä
juoma/kastelu/prosessivarastona! Tilanne on täysin sama koko maailmassa.
YKSIKÄÄN maailman ydinvoimala, tuskin monikaan kaupunki ei saisi vesiään
ilman maankattavia massivisia vesisäännöstelypatoja. esim Espanjassa
TIPPAAKAAN jokivedestä ei malteta päästää meriin! Ja maan ydinvoimaloille se
on elinehto!! Nyt EU määrittelee jo samaa kaikkiin maihinsa. Toki vesialan
uhrautuvat työn varsinaisesti tekevät ovat vaatimattomuuttaan suotta hiljaa.
Heidän työstään nyt kun oikeasti pyörii prosessivesinä varovaisesti
arvioiden 50% maailman kansantalouksista!*** Ehkö tosiaan näitten
"ydinpatopuhkojien" olisi oikeasti viimein aika ymmärtää itse elämää.
Nimittäin 1600MW jäähdytetornillinen ydinvoimala kuluttaa yhtä paljon makeaa
jokivettä ilmaan, kun esim. Lapijoen voimala tuottaa keskimäärin
ydinaavikoituneessa maapallossamme! |
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John Savage
Guest
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| Posted: Sun Jul 27, 2008 8:21 am Post subject: Re: Thumbdrives - what>s a good brand? |
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ppnerkDELETETHIS@yahoo.com (Phred) writes:
[quote]In article <g4nhlh$2j3$7@yoda.apana.org.au>, Sheik Yerbhouti <sy@lios.apana.org.au> wrote:
Snapper <snapper1@y7mail.com.invalid> writes:
I have had my second thumbdrive fail. It>s a 1 gig Imation. It started with
files in folders becoming corrupted. ie. one folder had a lot of stuff in it and
these weird files appearing. and Explorer cannot delete them either.
I have several Imation thumbdrives in various capacities and have
never had problems with them. However, I had symptoms similar to what
you describe with two Exigo units purchased from CitySoft about 18
months ago. (Probably why CitySoft had them on special at the time.
I suppose I could have fought the good fight and perhaps succeeded in
getting a credit or having them replaced; but it was easier, and in
some ways more satisfying, just to refrain from ever buying from
CitySoft again.)
[/quote]
I bought a 2GB Imation from the post office last week ($15). I could only
get it properly recognised about once in every 10 times I plugged it into
an XP laptop so I took it back. I didn>t like it anyway, it didn>t have a
LED so I couldn>t gauge activity. Took about 30 mins to finally walk out
of the post office with my $15 refund. (Initially I got: "Sorry, we can
only return these to our supplier if they don>t work at all.")
I went to Betta Electrical and got a 2G SanDisk for $16; they had 8G
advertised for $47.
--
John Savage (my news address is not valid for email) |
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peter
Guest
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| Posted: Mon Jul 28, 2008 7:03 am Post subject: industrial robotics |
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Hello,
please let me know which one is the right newsgroup that I can ask question
about industrial robotics shool in dallas texas area. thanks
Peter |
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Jasen Betts
Guest
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| Posted: Wed Oct 01, 2008 2:05 pm Post subject: Re: vesa tolerances |
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On 2008-09-30, filippo <filippo2991@virgilio.it> wrote:
[quote]I>m wondering if it>s available (free or paying for it) a full
electrical specification of VESA standards with tolerances, es
vga is 640x480@60hz:
hsync= 31,46KHz
bsync = 60Hz
what is the tolerance on HSINC and VSYNC?
is that standardized?
[/quote]
probably.
In my experiance with old fixed or multi-sync displays 0.5Khz horizontal and 2hz vertical can
make a difference. modern displays with microcontrollers and OSD are much more lenient.
Computer video cards derive the sync rate from ordinary quarts crystal
clocks, if you do the same you should be fine.
Bye.
Jasen |
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gula
Guest
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| Posted: Thu Oct 02, 2008 5:45 pm Post subject: Re: ba1404 clock signal , help |
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On 29 sep, 05:06, Jasen Betts <ja...@xnet.co.nz> wrote:
[quote]On 2008-09-29, gula <gulan...@gmail.com> wrote:
Hi guys.
I build a FM transmitter based on the ba1404 chip.
The problem arises because this chip need a 38Khz crystal for produce
a subcarrier signal for the stereo transmition, but that crystal is
hard to find.
http://www.sicom.co.nz/38khz-crystal-dt38-xidp74360.html
those guys are in my home town, there may be someone handier to you as
they don>t ship internationally. (not from their web site atleast)
these guys do though:http://search.digikey.com/scripts/DkSearch/dksus.dll?Cat=852333;keywo...
To solve it i programed a PIC16f84 to generate the 38
Khz signal and, depending of what crystal use for the PIC, i could
reproduce the 38Khz fecuency more or less exactly. (For example wuth a
PIC runing on a 4MHZ crystal a can generate a 38,4 Khz signal).
What accurate such signal have to do?
others have reported failure with that approach.
Do DDS maybe? not something I would try for reasons stated above :)
Bye.
Jasen
[/quote]
Scuse me, but i don>t have good english. What means DDS?
Cheers |
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Michael A. Terrell
Guest
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| Posted: Thu Oct 02, 2008 11:18 pm Post subject: Re: ba1404 clock signal , help |
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gula wrote:
[quote]
Scuse me, but i don>t have good english. What means DDS?
Cheers
[/quote]
'Direct Digital Synthesis'
<http://www.analog.com/en/rfif-components/direct-digital-synthesis-dds/products/index.html>
--
http://improve-usenet.org/index.html
aioe.org, Goggle Groups, and Web TV users must request to be white
listed, or I will not see your messages.
If you have broadband, your ISP may have a NNTP news server included in
your account: http://www.usenettools.net/ISP.htm
There are two kinds of people on this earth:
The crazy, and the insane.
The first sign of insanity is denying that you>re crazy. |
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Jasen Betts
Guest
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| Posted: Fri Oct 03, 2008 4:16 pm Post subject: Re: ba1404 clock signal , help |
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On 2008-10-02, gula <gulanito@gmail.com> wrote:
[quote]On 29 sep, 05:06, Jasen Betts <ja...@xnet.co.nz> wrote:
On 2008-09-29, gula <gulan...@gmail.com> wrote:
To solve it i programed a PIC16f84 to generate the 38
Khz signal and, depending of what crystal use for the PIC, i could
reproduce the 38Khz fecuency more or less exactly. (For example wuth a
PIC runing on a 4MHZ crystal a can generate a 38,4 Khz signal).
What accurate such signal have to do?
others have reported failure with that approach.
Do DDS maybe? not something I would try for reasons stated above :)
Scuse me, but i don>t have good english. What means DDS?
Cheers
[/quote]
"Direct digital synthesis", it>s a way to get more frequency
precision than the clock provides from a computer-generated wave,
at it>s most crude you could make some cycles longer than others
so that you get 38 cycles per milisecond. more advanced methods
use digital to analogue conversion to make the change appear to occur
part-way throgh a cycle.
Bye.
Jasen |
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Adam S
Guest
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| Posted: Sat Oct 04, 2008 4:52 pm Post subject: Re: Capacitors & conservation of charge |
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exxos_uk@yahoo.co.uk wrote:
[quote]Hi all,
While messing with buck/boost circuits I had some thoughts which don>t
hold up in real tests....
A simple example (aside from losses) is that if transfer energy from
say 10V 10uF into 1uF the voltage will increase to preserve the
charge.
Now, in my circuit, I charge 25V 1,000uF capacitor and charge a 10uH
inductor. When the switch turns off, all the energy should be in the
10uH inductance. So if I have a 100pF capacitor, then the voltage
should be like 100,000volts according to my workings out.
Now I ran a computer simulation on this, at best I can only obtain
12KV on the 100pF. So most of the energy is lost in switching losses I
assume.
In realworld tests, I end up with less voltage than I started out
with, So I am trying to find out why ?
I know charging 22uH inductor at 100khz can be used as a buck/boost
supply, I built a simple 12V to 30V inverter, can switch 10amps
easily. Though I am not running at 100khz, only 100hz. Though the
current pulse rises to something like 500amps over 500uS.
I am not sure I follow all this exactly, Or even if it will work ?
AFAIK, The longer a inductor has current pumped across it the more
charge it obtains over time. So at turn off, all the energy given to a
coil is recovered. It works well, even with my simple buck/boost
circuit.
So I am slightly confused as to why pushing 500A into a coil has no
effect. I can only assume I have a huge loss somewhere, Or I do not
follow the idea correctly ?
Cheers,
Chris
[/quote]
Inductors do not hold charge so, so you can>t talk about "charging" and
inductor. Instead, you induce a magnetic field, or "energies" an inductor.
Yes, in normal circumstances in electronics, charge can neither be
destroyed nor created.
The description of your posting is a bit too vague for me to answer
remainder of your questions. |
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Guest
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| Posted: Tue Oct 07, 2008 7:57 am Post subject: Re: discount Air MAX 89 shoes |
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On Oct 7, 2:52 pm, shangshang <zhenzhen...@sina.com> wrote:
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tomos_e2@hotmail.com |
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Guest
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| Posted: Tue Oct 07, 2008 7:57 am Post subject: Re: cheap COOGI jeans wholesale www.honest-shop.cn |
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On Oct 7, 2:46 pm, shangshang <zhenzhen...@sina.com> wrote:
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Guest
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| Posted: Tue Oct 07, 2008 7:57 am Post subject: Re: discount Air MAX 89 shoes |
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On Oct 7, 2:52 pm, shangshang <zhenzhen...@sina.com> wrote:
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[/quote]
tomos_e2@hotmail.com |
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z
Guest
|
| Posted: Tue Oct 07, 2008 9:00 pm Post subject: Re: Capacitors & conservation of charge |
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On Sep 11, 1:44 pm, cabraha...@msn.com wrote:
[quote]On Sep 1, 12:41 pm, exxos...@yahoo.co.uk wrote:
Hi all,
While messing with buck/boost circuits I had some thoughts which don>t
hold up in real tests....
A simple example (aside from losses) is that if transfer energy from
say 10V 10uF into 1uF the voltage will increase to preserve the
charge.
Now, in my circuit, I charge 25V 1,000uF capacitor and charge a 10uH
inductor. When the switch turns off, all the energy should be in the
10uH inductance. So if I have a 100pF capacitor, then the voltage
should be like 100,000volts according to my workings out.
Now I ran a computer simulation on this, at best I can only obtain
12KV on the 100pF. So most of the energy is lost in switching losses I
assume.
In realworld tests, I end up with less voltage than I started out
with, So I am trying to find out why ?
I know charging 22uH inductor at 100khz can be used as a buck/boost
supply, I built a simple 12V to 30V inverter, can switch 10amps
easily. Though I am not running at 100khz, only 100hz. Though the
current pulse rises to something like 500amps over 500uS.
I am not sure I follow all this exactly, Or even if it will work ?
AFAIK, The longer a inductor has current pumped across it the more
charge it obtains over time. So at turn off, all the energy given to a
coil is recovered. It works well, even with my simple buck/boost
circuit.
So I am slightly confused as to why pushing 500A into a coil has no
effect. I can only assume I have a huge loss somewhere, Or I do not
follow the idea correctly ?
Cheers,
Chris
You need to aquaint yourself with the buck-boost topology and theory
of its operation. If you go to TI>s web site and download their buck-
boost app note no. SLVA059, studying this thoroughly, you will
understand why.
In a nutshell, the 1000 uf input capacitor did not transfer ALL of its
energy to the inductor. The output voltage is related to the input
voltage and the duty cycle as follows:
Vout = Vin * (D/(1-D)) not accounting for losses.
The energy transferred to the inductor is half the inductance times
the difference between the square of the final current and square of
the original current. This is determined by the voltage across said
inductor multiplied by the on time. During the power switch off time,
the volt-seconds must equal that of the on time. The app note covers
this. The value of the input capacitor does not determine the output
voltage. The same goes for the output cap value. The values of both
caps, however, are important regarding ripple. noise, and transient
response.
Did I help? BR.- Hide quoted text -
- Show quoted text -
[/quote]
i haven>t gotten the whole detail, but you seem to start with a bit of
a misunderstanding which i will now endeavor to correct:
you charge a capacitor by loading a voltage into it, then open
circuiting it; but, an inductor being essentially the opposite, you
charge it by loading a current into it and shortcircuiting it; whereas
a charged capacitor holds its energy in the electric field with zero
current, a charged inductor holds its energy in the magnetic field,
with zero voltage. If you short circuit a capacitor it loses its
charge, if you open circuit an inductor it loses its current. In real
life, the series resistance in the inductor windings decays the
charged current a lot more quickly than the leakage resistance in the
capacitor decays the charged voltage. |
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hong.niu4
Guest
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| Posted: Fri Oct 10, 2008 3:11 am Post subject: Re: ED T-shirt women>s www.honest-shop.cn |
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